Tunnel-kiln oil burner



Aug. .114, 1923. 11,465,]H[

G. E. IRONS TUNNEL KILN OIL BURNER Filed March ,27 1920 SnoewtozPatented ne in, was.

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GERALD ELLIS IRONS, OF CORAOPOLIS, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICANDRESSLER TUNNEL KILNS, KING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEWYORK.

'llUNNEL-KILN PIL BURNER.

Application filed March 27, 1920. Serial No. 369,418.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GERALD ELLIS IRONS,citizen of the United States, and resident of Coraopolis, in the countyof Allegheny and 6 State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Tunnel- Kiln Oil Burners, of which the followingis a specification.

The object of my resent invention is to provide an improve oil burner,especially adapted to extend through the wall of a furnace chamber anddeliver a flame jet in a direction parallel to the wall.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention arepointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming apart of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention,however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference should be had tothe accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I haveillustrated and described a preferred embodiment of my invention.'

Of the drawings: Fig. 1 is a diagrammaticplan of a tunnel kiln fired bymy improved burners;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of one of the burners; and. I

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. In the. drawing I haveillustrated the use of my invention in connection with the well knownDressler kiln. The kiln shown diagrammatically, by way' of example,comprises a kiln chamber A having combustion chambers B at oppositesides of the goods pathway through the kiln. Air is supplied to eachcombustion chamber B at one end from tubes or pipes C. These pipe arelocated in the cooling zone of the kiln, and an air at atmospherictemperatures entering the ends of the tubes C, remote from the combustion chambers, is heated in its passage to the combustion chambersthrough the tubes C. Oil is supplied to each combustion cham- 4 her B byone or more oil burners D extending through the side wall of the kilnand the.

' outer wall of the combustion chamber at or near the end of the latterto which the tubes C are connected. f The opposite end of eachcombustion chamber is connected to tubular extensions which run to theexit end of the kiln and are connected to a stack EA, or other draftcreating device for withdrawing products of combustion. Except for thespecial construction of the burners D, the kiln illustrated comprisesnothing now novel.

Each burner D, in the form shown, comprises an outer tubular shell offire clay or like refractory material which projects through openingsformed for the purpose in the side wall of the kiln and combustionchamber. The inner end of this shell is closed but a circular opening Dis formed in the side of the shelltoward the outlet end of thecombustion chamber. Passing through the fire clay shell D of each burneri an oil supply pipe F, which preferably is axially disposed in the bodyof the fire clay shell, and has its inner end bent at right angles tothe body of the pipe, and tapered to a restricted discharge outlet F,-which is centrally disposed with respect to the opening D and facesinthe same direction as the latter. Surrounding the pipe F is a tubularmember G, shown as having its inner end formed by an elbow G and a capmember-G and with an opening into which the discharge end of the pipe Fextends, thus forming a restricted annular discharge port G opening intothe combustion chamber from the steam space Gr between the pipe F andthe member G. Steam is supplied to the steam jacket space (i by' theexternal steam supply pipe G Oil under pressure is supplied to theburner pipes F by supply pipes-F Preferably provisions are made forregulating the amount of air passing into the combustion chamber throughthe fire clay shell of each burner. The means shown for this purposecomprises an angularly adjustable slotted damper H journalled onthesleeve G and a stationary slotted diaphragm member I also mounted on thesleeve G. The area of'the annular discharge orifice for the steam may beadjusted by screwing the cap G up or down on the end of the elbow G.

In the operation of such a kiln, as is shown in the drawings, goods arequite frequently heated to temperatures above 2500 F. This meanssubstantially higher temperatures, of course, in the combustion chambersadjacent the burners. Much trouble has been experienced in attemptsheretofore made to use oil as the fuel in such combustion chambers,because of carbon deposits from the cracking of the vaporized oil, andthe diificulty of providing an efi'ective burner construction which willnot be quickly destroyed or rendered inoperative by the se- Vereconditions to which it is subjected.

With the simple and eflective construction disclosed herein the metallicportions of the burner and the fire clay shell D are protected frominjurious overheating by the air flow through the shell D. Objectionablecarbon deposits on the inner wall of the combustion chamber itself aresubstantially eliminated by the discharge of the burning oil axiallyinto the combustion chambers. The deposit of carbon on the tip of theburner pipe F and capGr is prevented under normal operating conditionsby the cooling efiect of the steam. Futhermore the steam tends toprevent and destroy such carbon deposits both by mechanical action andby its oxidizing eifect. The last mentioned effect may be augmented bysuperheating the steam. By adjusting the damper H to regulate the flowof air through the fire clay shell of the burner, a large and determineddegree of superheat may be given the steam. The superheating of thesteam to a substantial degree is an advantage also, in that it reducesthe weight of steam required. A

large degree of superheat ay be obtained without sacrificing thebeneficial cooling effect of the air on the metallic burner parts andthe fire clay shell. I contem late the formation of the pipe F, sleeveG, e bow G, and cup Gr out'of an alloy having a high melting point and ahigh resistance to oxidation such as that known commercially as nichromethough steel may be employed.

The metallic burner parts may be readily withdrawn for inspection andrepairs when necessary, and it is not difficult to replace the fire clayshell when .this becomesneces- It will be understood, of course, thatchanges may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed without,departin from the spirit'of my invention as set fortfi in the appendedclaims.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The combination witha combustion chamber having an air inlet at oneend and an outlet for products of combustion at the other, of an oilburner projecting into said chamber through the side wall of the latterand comprisin a non-metallic refractory shell closed at its inner endexcept for an opening facing said outlet, and open at its outer end toreceive air,-an oil sup ly pipe in said casing having its end bent andshaped to discharge a jet axially into said chamber through aid opening,and a steam jacket about said oil pipe with ..n annular orificesurrounding the discharge end of the oil pipe.

2. The combination with a combustion chamber having an air inlet at oneend' and an outlet for products of combustion at the other, of an oilburner projecting into said chamber through the side wall of the latterand comprising a non-metallic refractory shell closed at its inner endexcept for an opening facing said outlet, and open at its outer end toreceive air, an oil supply pipe in said casing having its end bent andshaped to discharge a jet axially into said chamber through saidopening, a steam jacket about said oil pipe with an annular orificesurrounding t e discharge end of the oil pipe, and means regulating theflow of air into said chamber through said shell.

3. The combination with a combustion chamber having an air inlet at oneend and an outlet for products of combustion at the other, of'an oilburner comprising a nonmetallic refractory shell projecting into saidchamber through the side wall of the latter and having its end withinthe chamber closed except for an opening facing said outlet andreceiving air at its outer end, an oil supply pipe extending into aidcombustion chamber within said shell and having its inserted end bentand shaped to discharge a (jet axially into said chamber throu h saiopening in said shell and a fluid jacket for the inserted end of saidsupply pi 4. An oil burner adapted to bfie inserted in a combustionchamber supplied with air to support combustion, said burner comprisingan oil supply passage having its inner end portion bent atright anglesto the body of the passage and terminating in a discharge orifice, asteam jacket surrounding said oil supply passage with a dischargeorifice sur rounding the first mentioned orifice, and a non-metallicrefractory shell enclosing the steam jacket and forming an air jacketaround the latter open at its outer end to receive air, said shell beingclosed at its inner end except for a lateral orifice substaniiziiallycoaxial with the first mentioned orices.

5. An oil burner adapted to be inserted in a combustion chamber suppliedwith air to support combustion, said burner comprising an oil supplypassage having its inner.

end portion bent at right angles to the body of the passage andterminating in a discharge orifice, a steam jacket surrounding said oilsupply passage with a discharge orifice surrounding the first mentionedorifice,

and anon-metallic refractory shell enclosing the steam jacket andforming an air jacket around the latter, said shell eing closed at itsinner endexcept for a lateral orifice subeeann stantially coaxial withthe first mentioned orifices, and having regulable air inlets at itsouter end.

6., An oil burner comprising an oil supply pipe with a restricteddischarge orifice at its combustion end, a steam jacket surrounding saidpipe with an annular discharge orifice surrounding the first mentionedorifice, and a non-metallic refractory shell surrounding the steamjacket and forming an air jacket 10

